-
1 Computer Algebra System
1) Mathematics: CAS2) Abbreviation: (mathematical computation software) CASУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Computer Algebra System
-
2 Computer Algebra System (mathematical computation software)
Abbreviation: CASУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Computer Algebra System (mathematical computation software)
-
3 СКА
Mathematics: Computer Algebra System, CAS -
4 ска
Mathematics: Computer Algebra System, CAS -
5 Babbage, Charles
SUBJECT AREA: Electronics and information technology[br]b. 26 December 1791 Walworth, Surrey, Englandd. 18 October 1871 London, England[br]English mathematician who invented the forerunner of the modern computer.[br]Charles Babbage was the son of a banker, Benjamin Babbage, and was a sickly child who had a rather haphazard education at private schools near Exeter and later at Enfield. Even as a child, he was inordinately fond of algebra, which he taught himself. He was conversant with several advanced mathematical texts, so by the time he entered Trinity College, Cambridge, in 1811, he was ahead of his tutors. In his third year he moved to Peterhouse, whence he graduated in 1814, taking his MA in 1817. He first contributed to the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society in 1815, and was elected a fellow of that body in 1816. He was one of the founders of the Astronomical Society in 1820 and served in high office in it.While he was still at Cambridge, in 1812, he had the first idea of calculating numerical tables by machinery. This was his first difference engine, which worked on the principle of repeatedly adding a common difference. He built a small model of an engine working on this principle between 1820 and 1822, and in July of the latter year he read an enthusiastically received note about it to the Astronomical Society. The following year he was awarded the Society's first gold medal. He submitted details of his invention to Sir Humphry Davy, President of the Royal Society; the Society reported favourably and the Government became interested, and following a meeting with the Chancellor of the Exchequer Babbage was awarded a grant of £1,500. Work proceeded and was carried on for four years under the direction of Joseph Clement.In 1827 Babbage went abroad for a year on medical advice. There he studied foreign workshops and factories, and in 1832 he published his observations in On the Economy of Machinery and Manufactures. While abroad, he received the news that he had been appointed Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge University. He held the Chair until 1839, although he neither resided in College nor gave any lectures. For this he was paid between £80 and £90 a year! Differences arose between Babbage and Clement. Manufacture was moved from Clement's works in Lambeth, London, to new, fireproof buildings specially erected by the Government near Babbage's house in Dorset Square, London. Clement made a large claim for compensation and, when it was refused, withdrew his workers as well as all the special tools he had made up for the job. No work was possible for the next fifteen months, during which Babbage conceived the idea of his "analytical engine". He approached the Government with this, but it was not until eight years later, in 1842, that he received the reply that the expense was considered too great for further backing and that the Government was abandoning the project. This was in spite of the demonstration and perfectly satisfactory operation of a small section of the analytical engine at the International Exhibition of 1862. It is said that the demands made on manufacture in the production of his engines had an appreciable influence in improving the standard of machine tools, whilst similar benefits accrued from his development of a system of notation for the movements of machine elements. His opposition to street organ-grinders was a notable eccentricity; he estimated that a quarter of his mental effort was wasted by the effect of noise on his concentration.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsFRS 1816. Astronomical Society Gold Medal 1823.BibliographyBabbage wrote eighty works, including: 1864, Passages from the Life of a Philosopher.July 1822, Letter to Sir Humphry Davy, PRS, on the Application of Machinery to the purpose of calculating and printing Mathematical Tables.Further Reading1961, Charles Babbage and His Calculating Engines: Selected Writings by Charles Babbage and Others, eds Philip and Emily Morrison, New York: Dover Publications.IMcN
См. также в других словарях:
Computer algebra system — A computer algebra system (CAS) is a software program that facilitates symbolic mathematics. The core functionality of a CAS is manipulation of mathematical expressions in symbolic form. Contents 1 Symbolic manipulations 2 Additional capabilities … Wikipedia
Computer algebra system — Système de calcul formel Un système de calcul formel (computer algebra system ou CAS en anglais) est un logiciel qui facilite le calcul symbolique. La partie principale de ce système est la manipulation des expressions mathématiques sous leur… … Wikipédia en Français
Computer-Algebra-System — Ein Computeralgebrasystem (CAS) ist ein Computerprogramm das Methoden der Computeralgebra nutzt. Konkreter kann es Rechenaufgaben aus verschiedenen Bereichen der Mathematik lösen und dabei nicht nur (wie ein Taschenrechner) mit Zahlen, sondern… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Axiom (computer algebra system) — Scratchpad redirects here. For scratchpad memory, see Scratchpad RAM. Axiom Developer(s) independent group of people Stable release September 2011 Operating system cross platform … Wikipedia
Magma computer algebra system — Magma Developer(s) Computational Algebra Group, School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sydney Stable release 2.17 8 / May 27, 2011 Operating system … Wikipedia
Derive (computer algebra system) — Derive Developer(s) Texas Instruments Stable release 6.1 Development status Discontinued Written in muLISP Operatin … Wikipedia
Dynamic Computer Algebra System — Dcas is a dynamic computer algebra system featuring the idea of using identities as rules for manipulation of algebra. Robert Fenichel developed a system called FAMOUS in the 1970s using the LISP programming language pursuing the same aim. A… … Wikipedia
Fermat (computer algebra system) — Infobox Software name = Fermat caption = developer = Robert H. Lewis latest release version = 3.9.7 latest release date = May 6 2008 programming language = C operating system = Mac OS X, Mac OS, Linux, Unix, Windows genre = Computer algebra… … Wikipedia
Axiom computer algebra system — Infobox Software name = Axiom developer = Independent group of people operating system = Cross Platform genre = Computer Algebra System license = modified BSD License website = [http://axiom.axiom developer.org Axiom Home Page] Axiom is a free… … Wikipedia
Reduce (computer algebra system) — REDUCE is a general purpose computer algebra system geared towardsapplications in physics.The development of the REDUCE computer algebra system was started in the 1960s by Anthony C. Hearn. Since then, many Fact|date=August 2008 scientists from… … Wikipedia
GAP computer algebra system — GAP (Groups, Algorithms and Programming) is a computer algebra system for computational discrete algebra with particular emphasis on, but not restricted to, computational group theory. GAP was developed at Lehrstuhl D für Mathematik (LDFM), RWTH… … Wikipedia
